![]() Remastered: Buy in the Insane Store for 1200 gold.PC: Own Castle Crashers and BattleBlock Theater on the same Steam account. rcs file navisworks pet sim x script pastebin dupe how to print decimal values in c border patrol checkpoints map 2022 grand oasis cancun all inclusive reviews city.Silver Sword - Plus 1 Strength, Minus 1 Magic, Plus 3 Defense (Chance of critical)leaver - Plus 5 Strength. Xbox 360: Obtain one achievement in the Xbox Live Arcade game BattleBlock Theater. Hidden behind the bushes near the entrance to the industrial castle.arrot - Minus 1 Strength, Minus 2 Magic, Plus 3 Defenseug up in the Home Castle level, in front of a burning hut.I just thought it would be a cool simple mod to make. Remastered Edition: Available at the start of the game. This replaces the boss health bar with one from Castle Crashers (Where I saw it) and Newgrounds games.Xbox 360/PC/PS3: Legend of the Blacksmith Pack DLC.Remastered: Available at the start of the game.Remastered/PS3/PC: Complete Ice Castle on Insane Mode.Availability: Beat the game with the Fire Demon.Availability: Beat the game with the Red Knight.Availability: Beat the game with the Orange Knight.Remastered/PS3/PC: Complete Catfish on Insane Mode.Availability: Beat the game with the Peasant.Remastered/PS3/PC: Complete Industrial Castle on Insane Mode.Availability: Beat the game with the Skeleton.Availability: Beat the game with the Gray Knight.Availability: Beat the game with the Green Knight. ![]() Availability: Beat the game with the Royal Guard.Availability: Beat the game with the Thief.Availability: Beat the game with the Iceskimo.Remastered/PC/PS3: Complete Pipistrello's Cave on Insane Mode.Remastered/PC/PS3: Complete Alien Ship.Xbox 360: Beat Level 1-1 in the Xbox Live Arcade game Alien Hominid HD.Availability: Beat the game with the Blue Knight.Availability: Beat the game with the Barbarian.Availability: Beat the game with the Industrialist.Availability: Available at the start of the game.To see the tier list, click here.Ĭlick on the name or image of your preferred character to read their main article and learn more about their involvement in the game, a detailed description, their abilities, tips, trivia and more! This list is not in any specific order. This is a list of all 31 playable characters in the game Castle Crashers.
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Every New Year's I go to a party and we watch the fireworks at midnight.This is reflected in the following examples. This is because "New Year's" is these days a common shorthand for "New Year's Eve," and the name of the holiday functions as an adjective. When people talk about a celebration over multiple years, the annual occasion every December 31, or a generalization about the new year, the term of choice is generally "New Year's." This second version places the emphasis on the event of NYE, instead of every new year, which is more common. ![]() Note how the above example could also be rephrased to focus on the New Year's holiday: "New Year's always offers time for reflecting, celebrating, and resolving to do things differently." The subject here is multiple new years, or every single year, at least when it starts. New years are traditionally a time for reflection, celebration, and resolving to do things a little differently.However, it remains grammatically correct to say "new years" in the plural, as is the case in the following example. ![]() ![]() New Year's marks the departure of one year and the dawn of another 12 months, meaning there are two years involved, for example 20, but only the latter is new.Īs a result, there is logically no occasion to exclaim "Happy New Years", as the last word is plural and only one year occurs at any time. When To Use "New Years"Īpostrophes are the way the English language shows possession or that something belongs to another thing bernardbodo/Getty Images Note, in the above examples, "New Year" is capitalized when the holiday or January 1 is being discussed, but not when the new year as a timeframe is being referenced. Now it is the new year, I have much more free time to socialize.December is a very busy period for me, so we should get dinner early in the new year.This means the following examples are the correct use of "new year." In contrast, "New Year's" refers to one specific night, day, and one resolution.īut "new year" usually comes up when people are talking generally about the year, often before it has begun or while it is still early in the year. "New Year" is also correctly used with no possessive apostrophe-S when discussing the year as a whole. When referring to the holiday that falls on December 31 and January 1, you’ll need to capitalize the first letters of “New” and “Year”: oatawa/Getty Imagesįrom midnight on December 31 and for a few succeeding days, people say "Happy New Year!" It is consequently correct to say: "We are throwing a New Year's party" and "I've made a list of New Year's resolutions." When To Use "New Year" This is because they are all specifically related to the New Year, meaning "New Year's" becomes the modifier for each noun. There is in each example a clear relationship between the New Year and the noun: the eve, the day itself and the resolution. New Year's resolution: A stated goal to aim for in the New Year.New Year's Day: January 1 the first day of 2022.New Year's Eve: December 31 is the eve of 2022.This is because apostrophes are the way the English language indicates either possession or something belongs to another.Īs a result, the following three examples are all correct applications of the apostrophe in "New Year's". The apostrophe-S in "New Year's" is required when discussing things belonging to NYE or January 1, such as party plans or resolutions made. ![]() The “New Year” refers to December 31 (i.e., New Year’s Eve) and January 1 (i.e., New Year’s Day). The three-step working method of Easy Duplicate Finder makes it easy to use, and it also has a straightforward user interface. Using smart technology, this tool accurately and effectively detects all types of duplicate files regardless of their file formats. This program should be your go-to app if you’ve discovered that the photo gallery on your computer is cluttered with duplicate pictures.Īlso, not only can you use Easy Duplicate Finder for your PCs, but it also supports being used to find duplicate files across your cloud storage accounts such as Google Drive and Dropbox. It has a trash option for recovering mistakenly deleted photosĮasy Duplicate Finder is one of the best out there for finding and deleting duplicate files on both Windows and Mac PCs.This app gives you a limited free version but has its premium plan cost of $19.95 per month/Mac, which is pretty reasonable. ![]() Gemini 2 also works by keeping an eye on any newly added duplicate files on your computer and notifying you anytime it gets any.ĭeleted duplicate files are not removed immediately on this tool, so if you mistakenly delete a file, you can access them through the trash. You can manually review the results or use the smart cleanup feature, which automatically removes duplicate images discovered based on how you used to delete reviewed duplicate photos manually.īesides, this tool also helps clean up duplicates on iTunes. Plus, like most of the other tools in this piece, Gemini 2 can assist in identifying similar files on your computer. Regardless of how many files you have on your computer, this tool scans it quickly and gives you a laser-accurate list of duplicate photos. Gemini 2 tool differs from most common duplicate photo finders, as it runs a deep scan on your computer to find identical images on your Mac PC and assists you in deleting them to free up space on your computer. MacPaw is a well-known brand when it comes to utility software for Mac computers, and one of their products, the Gemini 2 app, allows users to remove duplicate files from their Mac computer effortlessly. It is only available for Windows computers.This duplicate phone cleaner is special because it is cost-free, without restrictions, and free of adware, spyware, or other unwanted software. It can currently only be used with Windows-based devices. It cannot, however, be used with cloud storage like some of the options we will discuss in this piece.Īwesome Duplicate Photo Finder can be run as a portable app, meaning it doesn’t necessarily require installation for it to work on your computer and can even be run via USB. Likewise, it detects duplicate images that have been altered in some way-like resized or recolored-and supports all of the main image types, including JPG, BMP, PNG, GIF, TIFF, and CR2.įor those who deal with multiple storage options, it can even be used to scan for duplicate photo files on network drives and some other types of storage. With Awesome Duplicate Finder, you only need a few mouse clicks to find and delete duplicate pictures from your computer. Thanks to its nice, straightforward user interface, anyone can use this tool easily. Some of these tools even compare the metadata, size, formats, and other information related to the photos on your devices in order to detect duplicate image files. These tools search through your computer for images that share the same content by comparing each one using photo recognition algorithms and models. What Are Duplicate Photo Finders and How Do They Work?ĭuplicate photo finders are software programs that scan your device for duplicate image files to help you get rid of needless images and organize your gallery while freeing up storage space. Can I use a duplicate photo finder in cloud storage services like Google Photos or iCloud?.Does Windows 10 have a built-in duplicate photo finder?. ![]() ![]()
![]() However, the default weapon type and the brandish weapon type must be one and the same.When you equip a brandish, the brandish's appearance is prioritized in display.When fusing, the brandish can only be added to the Fuse Stats slot. Fusing a brandish requires a separate Premium Weapon Fusion Rune.You can fuse a weapon's appearance to a brandish only once.Added the Brandish Slot under the NX Storage Chest > "Outfit" tab.Fixed the issue where the client became slow when you selected Special Ampoules in the Ampoule Crafting area.Reset time for Superior/Special Ampoules is on every Tuesday at 7AM UTC.Changed so that you can check the name of the slot whose item information changed.Changed so that detailed information is provided when the warning symbol-which shows when information for item(s) saved in an Appearance Preset Slot is changed-is displayed.Added the "Search Next" button to Load Appearance/Battle Appearance Settings.You can change the color of the fixed inner armor that shows when you equip outfit sets.Added the search feature to Your Outfits, Back, and Tail item tabs in the Appearance Settings screen.Added the "Load Appearance" button to the Appearance Settings screen. ![]()
That’s pretty impressive, considering Apple previously didn’t believe fart applications met the standards of the App Store. The app costs 99 cents.Īccording to WiredNews, sales hit 10,000 a day in late December. There’s a YouTube demo here, if you need one. So maybe you already knew this, but I just noticed that the number-one selling paid app for the iPhone is: iFart. Letters may be edited for length and clarity.” We are unable to acknowledge or return unpublished letters. The e-mail address is All letters should include the writer’s name, address and daytime telephone number. “Letters should be addressed to Letters to the Editor, Magazine, The New York Times, 620 Eighth Avenue, 6th Floor, New York, N.Y. Read the column in the January 11, 2009, issue of The New York Times Magazine, or here.Ĭonsumed archive is here, and FAQ is here The Times‘ Consumed RSS feed is here. And yet, just as you can never actually drive to the horizon, the end point of “new and improved” simply does not exist. At a certain point, you would think, the race to purity gets won eventually, you cannot get purer than pure. added something to it? …īut if Flavor Options suggests that progress on the front lines in the marketplace is incremental, it also offers proof of just how resistant the marketplace can be to limits. It may seem surprising, then, that a filter maker would attempt a kind of jujitsu move on the notion of purity: What if you took water with all the bad stuff screened out and. This week in Consumed, Pur Flavor Options, which allow you to add flavor to filtered tap water. Want to stand out in a category that’s all about subtracting? Add something. In The New York Times Magazine: Pur Flavor Options Whoa, I better wrap this post up - it’s so long! Maybe someone else who follows this person will pick up on the occasional interesting tweets and blog about them? Or will I eventually capitulate and start following, the days of (kinda) thought-out blog posts fading into. I’m interested in this person’s thinking - but I’m not that interested. The signal-to-noise ratio will clearly be way worse than it had been on the now-dying blog. If I don’t “follow” this person, I miss the possibility of some future interesting tweet - at least a link I would have missed, something.On the other hand, if I do follow, I clearly have to wade through a bunch of garbage. In fact I didn’t seen a single tweet of interest, whereas this person’s earlier blog posts had been, with some regularity, worth a look. I checked the Twitter feed and it was, of course, far less substantial than the blog had been. The reason? The author now prefers Twitter. Today a blog I read via RSS basically announced its own demise. Dedicated readers may remember this perhaps-related post on this site from 2007: “ Totally Wildly Uprecedented Change, and Its Precedents.” Whether you agree with his points about economics, innovation and income, I think the underlying point about progress and the pace of change (and how it feels) is pretty provocative and very much worth pondering. That’s the opening of a recent Tyler Cowen column, and it surprised me. But compared with what my grandmother witnessed, the basic accouterments of life have remained broadly the same. ![]() And many goods and services are now more plentiful and of better quality. Of course, the personal computer and its cousin, the smartphone, have brought about some big changes. Since my birth in 1962, it seems to me, there have not been comparable improvements. MY grandmother, who was born in 1905, spoke often about the immense changes she had seen, including the widespread adoption of electricity, the automobile, flush toilets, antibiotics and convenient household appliances. The Crimson Desert release date is set for Winter 2021 on PC, PlayStation 4, Xbox One, PlayStation 5, Xbox Series X, and Series S. So, one thing we can say for sure from this Black Desert prequel turned standalone game: Crimson Desert isn't an MMO, it is an online cooperative game that you can play solo if you so wish. At the end of 2020, there was a new presentation, this time as an open world game with a single player focus. In 2019 it was announced as an MMORPG in the universe of Black Desert Online. The name may change in the meantime, but the format of it won't – this can be played anytime, even if you haven't reached the end of the single-player mode. Lets go on a Journey that may have an endingmastermode mediumcore large crimson We take on the Calamitymod for Terraria in this exciting and lengthy. You can request the Black Spirit to hunt, gather, or fish, or clear Boss Rushes or the Ancient Ruins for a certain period of time during Sleep Mode. It’s quite interesting how the Crimson Desert has changed. owing to its blue cotton walls being set off with patches of crimson and. It is being developed by Pearl Abyss, the team behind Black Desert and Shadow Arena. and as the mode of putting up a Desert dwelling was quite as strange to us. This online co-op mode is probably tied to what Pearl Abyss is calling the “Another Journey” mode. Crimson Desert is a single-player open-world action adventure game. Let's call it online co-op, because that's the label that seems the most suited for what Pearl Abyss has in store for Crimson Desert. However, there may be instances where you can get the help of a few players, just as it happens with Genshin Impact's open world and domains. Ideally, you venture in the world of Crimson Desert by yourself, taking on the role of Macduff, the protagonist of the game. It is being developed by Pearl Abyss, the team behind Black Desert and Shadow Arena. ![]() While the full details are yet to be disclosed, let's take Genshin Impact for comparison since it seems that it may feature a similar system. Crimson Desert is a single-player open-world action adventure game. Crimson Desert is an upcoming MMORPG with an open-world concept that is currently being developed by Pearl Abyss, the makers of Black Desert Online. ![]() Zoom: Pinch and stretch with two fingers.Scroll up or down: Swipe with two fingers.Use gestures while using a computer remotely įor your security, all remote desktop sessions are fully encrypted. ![]() To do actions with taps, tap Touch mode.To do actions with a virtual mouse pointer, tap Trackpad mode.To switch between modes, tap the icon in the toolbar. You can control the computer in two different modes.If a computer is dimmed, it’s offline or unavailable. Tap the computer you want to access from the list.If you don’t have it, download it from Google Play. On your Android phone or tablet, open the Chrome Remote Desktop app.Important: Make sure you're using the latest version of the Chrome Remote Desktop app. If you are sharing your computer, you will be asked to confirm that you want to continue to share your computer every 30 minutes. To end a sharing session, click Stop Sharing.Select Share to allow them full access to your computer. When that person enters your access code on the site, you will see a dialog with their e-mail address.Copy the code and send to the person you want to have access to your computer.Under “Get Support,” select Generate Code.In the address bar at the top, enter /support, and press Enter.They’ll have full access to your apps, files, emails, documents and history. You can give others remote access to your computer. To use Chrome Remote Desktop on your Chromebook, learn how to share your computer with someone else. Learn more about how to use Chrome Remote Desktop on Linux. ![]() You may also be prompted to change security settings in Preferences. You may have to enter your computer password to give Chrome Remote Desktop access. Follow the onscreen directions to download and install Chrome Remote Desktop.Under “Set up Remote Access,” click Download.You can set up remote access to your Mac, Windows, or Linux computer. Learn how to control use of Chrome Remote Desktop. Tip: As an administrator, you can control if users can access other computers from Chrome with Chrome Remote Desktop. To use your mobile device for remote access, you need to download the Chrome Remote Desktop app. Make sure you use 10k ohm pulldown resistors.You can use a computer or mobile device to access files and applications on another computer over the Internet with Chrome Remote Desktop.Ĭhrome Remote Desktop is available on the web on your computer. The buttons are connected to digital inputs from 2 to 6. Hardware RequiredĬonnect your board to your computer with a micro-USB cable. This sketch only updates the cursor position when a button is pressed. move ( ) command, the Arduino takes over your computer's cursor! To insure you don't lose control of your computer while running a sketch with this function, make sure to set up a controller before you call Mouse.move(). ![]() When the button is released, the computer will recognize the event. When pressed, the board sends a press to the computer. The fifth button is for controlling a left click from a mouse. Whenever one of the directional buttons is pressed, the Arduino will move the mouse, mapping a HIGH input to a range of 5 in the appropriate direction. Every time an input is read, the cursor's position is updated relative to it's current position. Four of the buttons are directional (up, down, left, right) and one is for a left mouse clickĬursor movement from the Arduino is always relative. This particular example uses five pushbuttons to move the onscreen cursor. Using the Mouse library, you can controls a computer's onscreen cursor with an Arduino Leonardo, Micro, or Due. ![]() ![]() Commenting on this decision, a senior Chinese official commented, “US President Joe Biden’s planned democracy summit next week will be a joke and the American political system doesn’t represent a real democracy.” The White House has extended an invitation to Taiwan, but ignored two very important countries, China and Russia, which has drawn a strong reaction from Beijing. The Biden Administration denounced the court’s decision, calling it an “affront to terrorism victims everywhere, including in Pakistan,” adding that the US expected “the Pakistani government to expeditiously review its legal options to ensure justice is served.” US-Pakistan relations nosedived when on January 28 this year, Pakistan’s Supreme Court upheld a lower court’s judgment acquitting Omar Saeed Sheikh, the man convicted of kidnapping and murdering the Wall Street Journal journalist Daniel Pearl in 2002. In fact, Pak-US relations hit a roadblock, when Prime Minister Imran Khan did not receive an invitation from President Biden to attend the Leaders’ Summit of Climate held on April 22 and 23 this year. Pakistan was the only nation among the world’s 10 most populous countries to not receive an invitation. In fact, Pakistan’s arch rivals India and Bangladesh were not only invited, but Biden’s Special Envoy for Climate Change John Kerry also visited the two countries to personally invite them. While ignoring Pakistan, Biden has called for strong and stable relations with India. ![]() In a bilateral meeting with Prime Minister Modi, Biden said the relationship between the world’s two largest democracies was “destined to be stronger, closer and tighter,” for the benefit of the whole world. On the other hand, Biden has proved to be in no mood to talk to Prime Minister Imran Khan, although US Secretary of State Antony Blinken met his Pakistani counterpart, Foreign Minister Shah Mahmood Qureshi on the sidelines of UN meetings, and thanked Islamabad for help in evacuating Americans from Afghanistan. Keeping such developments in mind, it appears that redefining US-Pakistan relations isn’t going to be easy. But one thing is clear the US-Pakistan relationship from the Musharraf era is not making a comeback.Īfter the 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center, the Bush administration threatened to bomb Pakistan” back to the stone age” if the country did not cooperate with America’s war on Afghanistan. In an interview with CBS television in 2006, General Pervez Musharraf, disclosed that the threat was delivered by the Deputy Secretary of State, Richard Armitage, while speaking to Pakistan’s intelligence director. ![]() VOXAgent SMLoginItem - Hidden (Coppertino Inc. (/Applications/VOX.app/Contents/Library/LoginItems/Loop.app) (/Library/Application Support/EyeTV/EyeTV Helper.app)Ĭom.coppertino.voxcloud SMLoginItem - Hidden (Coppertino Inc. (? eb99ec05 0 - installed ) - /Volumes/Macintosh HD 1T/Applications/Adobe Acrobat X Pro/Adobe Acrobat Pro.app/Contents/MacOS/Updater/Adobe Acrobat Updater Helper.app/Contents/MacOS/Adobe Acrobat Updater Helper: Executable not found! plist (X-Rite, Incorporated - installed ) (Malwarebytes Corporation - installed ) (? 29faf71b 0 - installed ) - ~/Desktop/EaseUS Data Recovery Wizard.app/Contents/MacOS/EaseUS Data Recovery Wizard.app/Contents/Resources/EUDataDaemon.app/Contents/MacOS/eudataback: Executable not found! plist (? 23af1e7e 0 - installed ) - /Library/PreferencePanes/ParagonNTFS.prefPane/Contents/Resources/NTFSAutomountAgent: Executable not found! Startup items no longer function in OS X Yosemite or later ĬhmodBPF: Path: /Library/StartupItems/ChmodBPF Users//Apowersoft/Mac Online Launcher/Mac Online Launcher.app Applications/iSkysoft_prova/Wondershare Filmora.app Applications/Toast 11 Titanium/Toast Titanium.app Applications/Toast 11 Titanium/Spin Doctor.app Applications/MUSICA/Apowersoft Mac Audio Recorder/Apowersoft Mac Audio Recorder.app OS X El Capitan (/ l k æ p t n / el KAP-i-TAHN) (version 10.11) is the twelfth major release of macOS (named OS X at the time of El Capitans release), Apple Inc. Applications/MOVIES/MacX Video Converter Pro.app Volumes/Macintosh HD 1T/Applications/Adobe Acrobat X Pro/Adobe Acrobat Pro.app/Contents/MacOS/Updater/Adobe Acrobat Updater Helper.app/Contents/MacOS/Adobe Acrobat Updater Helper ~/Desktop/EaseUS Data Recovery Wizard.app/Contents/MacOS/EaseUS Data Recovery Wizard.app/Contents/Resources/EUDataDaemon.app/Contents/MacOS/eudataback Library/PreferencePanes/ParagonNTFS.prefPane/Contents/Resources/NTFSAutomountAgent MacOS High Sierra 10.13.2 (17C88) - Time since boot: less than an hour Its name is just another way or play for the word burn and refers to the process of writing information to a disc with the aid of a laser. MyBook (disk4s2 - Journaled HFS+) /Volumes/MyBook : 2.00 TB (987.47 GB free)Īpple Inc. Toast Titanium 18.3.1 Crack Mac with Product Key Free Download Latest 2020 Toast for Mac OS X EL Capitan Free Download Roxio Toast is a disc authoring and conversion application software. LaCie 1T_immagini (disk5s3 - Journaled HFS+) /Volumes/LaCie 1T_immagini : 1.00 TB (367.71 GB free)ĮFI (disk4s1 - MS-DOS FAT32) : 210 MB Xx LaCie_1T_RecoveryMovie (disk3s2 - Journaled HFS+) /Volumes/xx LaCie_1T_RecoveryMovie : 999.86 GB (770.17 GB free) LaCie d2 quadra (button) 800mbit - 800mbit max TimeMachine (disk2s2 - Journaled HFS+) /Volumes/TimeMachine : 3.00 TB (2.72 TB free)īroadcom Corp. The workaround is to convert the ProRes video file to H.264 using Toast 18's Convert feature.Faxus ha scritto:Macbio, esegui un EtreCheck.Ĭ'è da cancellare un file d'installazione.ĭownload EtreCheck from " onclick="window.open(this.href) return false Ĭlick the links for more information from Apple Support Communities.Ĭlick the links for more information about that line.Ĭlick the link to delete unused files. ![]() MPEG-2 and MP4/AVC/H.264 video files are NOT affected by this issue. Adjusting the bitrate values in the Custom Encode window does not affect it either. In this case, the message would be "There's not enough free space on this disc: XXX.XX GB are needed, XX.XX GB are available."įile size, resolution, bitrate, frame rate of the ProRes video does not affect the issue. On some occasions the same ProRes video file will show a blown out value, such as several hundred GB, which will not fit in any single or dual layer BD-R disc. Please add some data, then try this again." If you proceed to burn the project, it will state "There is nothing to record. ![]() When a ProRes mov file is added to either a DVD or Blu-ray video disc project in Toast, the file size indicated at the bottom of the window will show 904 KB. Both 4444 and 422 ProRes mov video files (APCO, APCN, APCH) have been tested so far, all give the same issue. Toast is unable to properly detect the file size of a ProRes MOV file. ![]() This is a known issue and has already been reported to Engineering. This is the latest from Corel on Toast 18 Pro: Many characters in the epic Mahābhārata were trained in the art. While the chariots eventually fell into disuse, the other three arms continued to be valued. Although viewed as secondary to chariots by royalty, elephants were the preferred vehicle of warriors, especially the elite ones. Kings and princes principally ride on chariots, which was considered the most royal, while seldom riding the back of elephants. In ancient India, initially, the army was fourfold ( chaturanga), consisting of infantry, cavalry, elephants and chariots. They are recognized as an essential component of royal and military processions. The ancient Indian epics Ramayana and Mahābhārata, dating from 5th–4th century BC, elaborately depict elephant warfare. War elephants in battle during the Carnatic Wars It is commonly thought that all war elephants were male because of males' greater aggression, but it is rather because a female elephant in battle will run from a male therefore only males could be used in war, whereas female elephants were more commonly used for logistics. Today an elephant is considered in its prime and at the height of its power between the ages of 25 and 40, yet elephants as old as 80 are used in tiger hunts because they are more disciplined and experienced. Sixty-year-old war elephants were always prized as being at the most suitable age for battle service and gifts of elephants of this age were seen as particularly generous. The wild elephant populations of Mesopotamia and China declined quickly because of deforestation and human population growth: by 850 BC the Mesopotamian elephants were extinct, and by 500 BC the Chinese elephants were seriously reduced in numbers and limited to areas well south of the Yellow River.Ĭapturing elephants from the wild remained a difficult task, but a necessary one given the difficulties of breeding in captivity and the long time required for an elephant to reach sufficient maturity to engage in battle. 1600–1100 BC) may suggest that they also used elephants in warfare. Archaeological evidence for the presence of wild elephants in the Yellow River valley in Shang China ( c. The oldest evidence comes from the Indus Valley civilization, around roughly 2000 BC. Elephant taming – not full domestication, as they are still captured in the wild, rather than being bred in captivity – may have begun in any of three different places. The first elephant species to be tamed was the Asian elephant, for use in agriculture. These elephants would be fit to learn how to systematically trample and charge enemies. Then the elephants were taught to run and maneuver around obstacles, and move in formation. The elephant would have learned how to raise its legs to help a rider climb on. According to Chanakya as recorded in the Arthashastra, first the mahout would have to get the elephant used to being led. To accomplish this, they utilize metal chains and a specialized hook called an ankus, or 'elephant goad'. Mahouts were responsible for capturing and handling elephants. They continued to be used in combat, however, in some parts of the world, such as in Burma, Thailand, and Vietnam, well into the 19th century.Ī 17th-century depiction of the war of Lanka in the ancient Indian epic Ramayana, showing war elephantsĪn elephant trainer, rider, or keeper is called a mahout. ![]() After this, war elephants became restricted to non-combat engineering and labour roles, as well as being used for minor ceremonial uses. ![]() However, their use declined with the spread of firearms and other gunpowder weaponry in early modern warfare. In some regions they maintained a firm presence on the battlefield throughout the Middle Ages. During classical antiquity they were also used in ancient Persia and in the Mediterranean world within armies of Macedon, Hellenistic Greek states, the Roman Republic and later Empire, and Carthage in North Africa. While seeing limited and periodic use in Ancient China, they became a permanent fixture in armies of historical kingdoms in Southeast Asia. War elephants played a critical role in several key battles in antiquity, especially in ancient India. Elephantry is a term for specific military units using elephant-mounted troops. The war elephant's main use was to charge the enemy, break their ranks and instill terror and fear. Rajput painting depicting a war elephant in an armyĪ war elephant was an elephant that was trained and guided by humans for combat. |